Industrial Energy Efficiency
We have been working with China for several years to explore options for industrial energy efficiency policies, focusing on programs that were effective in other countries and would be suitable for the increasingly market-based industrial sector in China.
- In the 1990s, 12 initial VA programs were established in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Sweden.
- In the 2000s: 7 strengthened VA programs in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, New Zealand; 5 new VA programs in Belgium, Chinese Taipei, Switzerland, U.K., U.S.
Of these, most of the 1990s programs were primarily voluntary (exceptions are Netherlands and Denmark), while many of the 2000s programs ensure participation through implied or explicit threat of future regulation and/or association with energy or carbon taxes. Emissions trading is a component of 5 programs: Canada, France, New Zealand, Switzerland, and UK.
Iron & Steel Plants Pilot Projects
With China's selection of Voluntary Energy Efficiency Agreements for Iron & Steel plants in Shandong province as the pilot, the LBNL team used the BEST tool to benchmark two plants. On this basis, the plants agreed to an efficiency target, and the province responded with both technical assistance, financing arrangements, and public recognition.
The pilot encompassed two major plants in Shandong, Jigang and Laigang. Both were already better than the China average, which varies widely because of the mix of small and large plants in many dispersed locations. Both plants agreed to increase their efficiency efforts based on actions identified with the BEST benchmarking tool to achieve by 2005 a level of efficiency equal to the advanced international level in 2000. A recent performance review showed that both plants were well on their way to achieving these targets.
The experience in this pilot laid the foundation for the expansion of this approach to the national iron & steel sector, as well as to the petrochemical sector, with support of the EUEEP under the GEF, starting this year.
Other VA Programs in China
- UNDP/GEF End-Use Energy Efficiency Program (EUEEP): iron and steel, chemical and cement sectors
- United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Energy Conservation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction in Chinese Township and Village Enterprises: cement, brick, metal casting, and coking sectors
- Asia Pro Eco, Europe Aid Programme: Feasibility Study on Demonstration of Voluntary Approaches for Industrial Environmental Management in Nanjing, China
- 15 Enterprises in Qingdao City sign energy efficiency agreements: Tsingdao Haier Group, Huangdao Power Plant, Tsingdao Huanghai Rubber Group, Ltd., Jimo Cogeneration Power Plant, Tsingdao Haijing Chemical Group, Ltd., Tsingdao Kaiyuan Group, Ltd., Tsingdao Cigarette Factory, Tsingdao Soda Company, Ltd., Tsingdao Lianchuang Company, Ltd., Tsingdao Petro-chemical Plant, Tsingdao Beer Plant, Tsingdao Cogeneration Company, Ltd., Tsingdao Taineng Gas Company, Ltd., Tsingdao Iron and Steel Company, Ltd., Tsingdao Power Plant